Effective communication is basically a 3 step process which involves delivery of message by the communicator, medium of communication, reception of message and its interpretation by the listener. Let us analyze the 3 steps from a closer view ; 
Delivery of message- This is the beginning of communication. When a communicator decides to deliver a message he plans its structure inside his/her mind. He automatically adjusts his language according to the listener and his vocabulary is in accordance with the assumed comprehension of the listener. His volume is preset in his mind right before he begins to communicate. He also decides the media through which the message can be communicated. 
Medium of communication- The medium depends upon the listener as well as the environment but most importantly the aim of the communication. It may be verbal, written, electronic, visual or non- verbal. The medium has an effect on successful communication to a great extent. Reception- The reception of message is through sensory receptors. The perception or interpretation is controlled by the mind. Perception is so powerful and it can even override the message received by the sense organ or alter it to a great extent. That is why a clear mind or a present mind is essential for effective communication. Perceptive filters may prove to be barriers to communication. The A,B,Cs of good communication
A- Accuracy, aptness, attention attracting, free from ambiguity
B- Brevity or conciseness, Brightness, 
C- Correctness, clarity, consistency and coherence. 
Mastering these qualities is not very tough but only requires mindful practice and continuous efforts. After one point of time, communication will flow smoothly and easily without ebbs and currents in it. 
Communication forms an qualifying paper for most competitive exams such as IAS and PCS. It is paid a lot of emphasis on because communication forms a basic need for administrative services. The country’s governance requires comprehension as well as effective communication, both oratory and written.